| Home Equity Loans: The Three-Day Cancellation Rule
If you’re considering applying for a personal loan and using your
home to guarantee repayment, you should know that a federal credit law
gives you three days to reconsider a signed credit agreement and cancel
the deal without penalty. Your "right to rescind" or "right
to cancel" is guaranteed by the Truth In Lending Act. You can rescind
for any reason but only if you are using your principal residence—whether
it is a condominium, mobile home, or house boat—as collateral, not
a vacation or second home.
Under the right to rescind, you have until midnight of the third business
day to cancel the credit transaction. Day one begins after all three of
the following occur:
You sign the credit contract;
You receive a Truth in Lending disclosure form containing certain key
information about the credit contract, including the annual percentage
rate; finance charge; amount financed; and payment schedule; and
You receive two copies of a Truth in Lending notice explaining your right
to rescind.
For rescission purposes, business days include Saturdays but not Sundays
or legal public holidays. For example, if the events listed above take
place on a Friday, you have until midnight on the next Tuesday to rescind.
During this waiting period, activity related to the contract cannot take
place. The creditor may not deliver the money for the loan. If you’re
dealing with a home improvement loan, the contractor may not deliver any
materials or start work.
If you decide to rescind, you must notify the creditor in writing. You
may not rescind by telephone or in a face-to-face conversation with the
creditor. Your written notice must be mailed, filed for telegraphic transmission,
or delivered if by other written means, before midnight of the third business
day.
If you cancel the contract, the security interest in your home is also
cancelled, and you are not liable for any amount, including the finance
charge. The creditor has 20 days to return all money or property you paid
as part of the transaction and release any security interest in your home.
If you received money or property from the creditor, you may retain it
until the creditor shows that your home is no longer being used as collateral
and returns any money you have paid. Then, you must offer to return the
creditor’s money or property. If the creditor does not claim the
money or property within 20 days, you may keep it.
If you have a bona fide personal financial emergency—such as damage
to your home from a storm or other natural disaster—the law allows
you to waive your right to rescind and eliminate the three-day period.
To waive your right, you must give the creditor your own written statement
describing the emergency and stating that you are waiving your right to
rescind. The statement must be dated and signed by you and anyone else
who shares in ownership of the home. But remember: if you waive your right
to rescind, you must go ahead with the transaction.
The right to rescind does not apply in all situations when you are using
your home for collateral. Among the exceptions are:
-When you apply for a loan to buy or build your principal residence;
-When you refinance your loan with the same creditor who holds your loan
and you don’t borrow any additional funds; or
-When a state agency is the creditor for a loan.
In these situations, you may have other cancellation rights under state
or local law.
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